Pterygium Causes

What causes a pterygium?

While we don’t fully understand all of the factors that contribute to the development of pterygium, there is a clear, strong connection between sunlight exposure during the first ten years of life and the risk of developing the condition later on.

Those who have ongoing exposure after this time may be more prone to the condition.

What other environmental factors, aside from sunlight, can be a cause of the condition?

Working in or frequently visiting dry areas—such as those in agriculture, construction, or outdoor sports—may mean that a person has more chance of developing a pterygium.

Dry environments can heighten the risk of developing pterygia if they lead to insufficient moisture on the surface of the eyes – when the eyes are dry, it can cause discomfort, which may further irritate the conjunctiva.

Dry conditions are also often accompanied by increased exposure to dust and other environmental irritants that can aggravate the eyes. These combined factors can create conditions that may contribute to the growth of pterygia, particularly for those who regularly find themselves in these environments.

Can genetics play a role?

Genetics can play a role in the development of a pterygium. Those with a family history of pterygium may have a higher likelihood of developing the condition themselves, and certain genetic factors may influence how the body responds to environmental factors (such as sunlight exposure or irritation), which can then make someone more prone to developing the condition.

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